Twyer



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM E. FBAWLEY, JB., 0F BIRMINGHAM, ALAIBAIMA,`

TWYER.

To all 'whom t may com/:em:

, Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. F RAWLEY, Jr., a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Birmingham, in the county of Jefferson and State of Alabama, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Twyers, of which the following is a specification.

invention relates to twyers and more particularly to twyers for Bessemer converters.

In the present state of the art the converter twyers, which are inserted upwardly through the converter bottom, are provided with a bottom flange or lip at the base of their untapered round or rectangular bodles. These twyers pierce the bottom refractory lining and in service are subject to rapid deterioration and breakage. When a fracture occurs a twyer is thereafter rendered useless, the released portion being blown out by the blast.

The object of my invention is to deslgn a simple and effective means for materially 1ncreasing the life of such twyers and to this end I provide them with a body tapering toward the twyer outlet and I incase this body in a jacket of any suitable tough or hard material capable under exposure to the converter heat of withstandingI greater strains than the refractory material formingA the body of the twyer. This jacket is tapered to conform to the external taper of the twyer so as to hold the latter in operating position even when a number of fractures have occurred in its refracto body, as the pieces cannot separate as t ey are held fixed by the taper jacket and thus cannot escape through the reduced end of the jacket.

My invention also contemplates a simple and convenient manner of applying and interlocking the jacket with the twyer.

My invention also comprises the detalls of construction and arrangements of parts, which in their referred constructions only, are illustrated 1n the accompanying drawings which form a part of th1s specification, and in which Figure 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view through a converter bottom.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view enlar ed of one of the twyers.

ig. 3 is a bottom end view of Fig. 2.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept 13, 192L Application med June 14, 1920. Serial No. 388,826;

Fig. 4 is a fragmental view of a modified tyge of twyer.

imilar reference numerals refer to similar parts throughout the drawings.

In the embodiment of my invention illustrated, I show a typical bottom 1 of a Bessemer converter having a bottom plate 2 sultably connected to the wind box 3. The bottom plate is provided with the customary group of tapered twyer holes and through these holes the twyers are inserted upwardly wlth their outlets 4 at the level of the re rflcltory bottom that supports the Vmetal The twyers are all of substantially the same construction and a description of one w1ll serve for all. The twyer is composed of a body of refractory material 5 having at its bottom end a flaring shoulder 6 and from this shoulder the body tapers gradually and slightly to its outlet 4. The shouldered end 6 of the refractory body is prov1ded with a pair of opposing longitudinal slots 7 therein adapted to permit the passage therethrough of the retaining lips 8 which overhang from the flaring bottom end `9 of the twyer jacket 10. This jacket 10 may be made of any suitable metal or other material of tougher or greater tensile. strength, or having higher heat resisting qualities than the refractory twyer body 5, and it is shaped to fit snugly about the twyer body frambase to outlet end, and to interlock with the base of the twyer by having the lips, after passing through the twyer slots 7 moved out of register with the. slots. thus interlocking the jacket and twyer. The jacket terminates flush with the outlet end 4 of the twyer and may be provided with a reinforcing and retaining ring or fiange 11 applied to or cast integral therewith and adapted by engagement with the refractory converter bottom to better anchor the twyer in operating position.

In Fig. 4 I show a modified type of twyer having its outlet end reduced to form an annular shoulder 12 which will fit against and interlock with an annular internal Shoulder 13 provided at the inner end of the jacket 10.

In operation, having assembled the jacket on the twyer, the twyer as a whole is inserted upwardly through the bottom plate 2 and secured in position in any customary manner. When the blast is turned on and the converter is under operation,if a fracture occurs in the refractory body 5 of the twyer, its upwardly tapered structure will prevent the loosened end being blown out as it will be held in the tapered jacket and the life of the twyer will thus be extended so long as the jacket itself will hold the twyer parts assembled. VIn ordinary service the present type of expensive twyers have an average life of from thirty to thirty-five heats, whereas if the body could be held intact its life would be indefinitely extended.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A twyer formed by a refractory body tapered toward its outlet and having a close fitting tapering jacket inclosing and reinforcing the refractory body.

2. A twyer for converters comp-rising a refractory body tapering from its intake to its outlet end, a refractory jacket tapered toy 'therewith to engage the bottoni end about the body of the twyer thereof and being coe-Xtensive therewith, substantially as de scribed.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

WILLIAM E. FRAl/VLEY, JR. Witness:

NoMin `WELSH. 

